The Atman Project<\/em>\u00a0and elsewhere, that all psychologists and mystics are referring to basically the same thing: the development of the human rational ego-consciousness out of the universal unconsciousness of matter, and its subsequent transcendence in the stage of universal consciousness of the Absolute.\u00a0 The difference is that the psychologists (e.g. Freud,\u00a0Jung, Piaget, Fromm, and many others) are referring to the development of individual or personal ego-consciousness out of the pre-personal unconsciousness, whereas the\u00a0mystics\u00a0are referring to the transcendence of ego-consciousness and the realisation of the\u00a0Absolute Reality, which is universal consciousness (i.e. the\u00a0Monistic position\u00a0of\u00a0Advaita Vedanta,\u00a0Mahayana Buddhism, etc).\u00a0 So it is all a cycle: from universal\/prepersonal to individual\/personal to universal\/transpersonal.<\/p>\n\nWilber of course is by no means the first person to suggest such a thing.\u00a0 The vast cycle of\u00a0involution and evolution\u00a0is a central component of the philosophies of\u00a0Plotinus,\u00a0Kashmir Shaivism, Hegel,\u00a0Blavatsky,\u00a0Sri Aurobindo,\u00a0Meher Baba, and many many others.\u00a0 All that Wilber did was provide one more formulation of this idea, using the benefit of his encyclopaedic knowledge of comparitive psychology, and proposing a series of stages influenced in large measure by the modern-day Advaitin-style teacher\u00a0Da Free John.\u00a0 Ken Wilber’s ten stages can be represented in terms of a diagram:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n(pre-personal)\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n (trans-personal)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n\u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a05. Normality<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n\u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a05a. Ego-Persona<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n 5c. Mature Ego<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n\u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a04. Membership Self<\/strong><\/td>\nverbal-conceptual realm<\/strong><\/td>\n6. Bio-social bands<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n\u00a0 3. Body-Ego<\/strong>(pre-verbal)\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\nself verses non-self<\/strong><\/td>\n7. Centaur<\/strong>(trans-verbal)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n\u00a0<\/td>\n 2. Uroboros<\/strong><\/td>\nuniversal-“mystical”<\/strong><\/td>\n8. Subtle<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n\u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/td>\n 1. Pleroma<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n 9. Causal<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n\u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/td>\n 10. Ultimate (Atman)<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\nI would refute Ken Wilber’s central methodological assumption: that psychologists and mystics are basically referring to different halves of the same process.\u00a0 There may indeed be a vast cycle of involution and evolution – indeed, the emanationist standpoint demands it – but that does not mean that what the psychologists are describing (the descending arc) is the same as what the yogis and mystics are describing.\u00a0 The psychologists are referring to the collective involution of the Psyche through the various Para-physical stages that are quite different to this physical reality.\u00a0 Whereas the yogis and mystics are describing a different process altogether; the individual transcendence of consciousness in this present physical Earth.\u00a0 Indeed, one cannot even call what the yogis and mystics are describing “ascent”.\u00a0 “Ascent”, like “descent”, implies an emanationist sequence of stages and planes of existence.\u00a0 But the radical monistic conception of things like Nirvana or Paramatman means that they have nothing to do with any planes of existence.\u00a0 They are something totally beyond all levels, higher as well as lower, heaven as well as hell.<\/p>\n\n
Yet that does not mean that we need reject his map of consciousness altogether.\u00a0 Far from it.\u00a0 For of particular significance are the parallels between Wilber’s early (psychological development) stages (1 through to 5) and the cosmic evolution periods and succession of Root Races of Rudolph Steiner.<\/p>\n\n
\nSteiner’s Polarians and the Hyperboreans live in a dim yet spiritual consciousness, like the\u00a0 oceanic, protoplasmic, archaic, pre-personal consciousness of Ken Wilber’s Pleromatic and Uroboric stages.<\/li>\n With the Lemurians the sense of self develops for the first time, just as with Wilber’s “Body-Ego” stage, albeit in both cases in a dream-like clairvoyant (Steiner) or magical (Wilber) mode of comprehension<\/li>\n The Atlanteans develop language, but in the form of magical and mantric utterances, just like Ken Wilber’s “Membership Self” stage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\nThe parallels are just too obvious to ignore.<\/p>\n\n
One could even correlate the stages in a table:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\nstate of existence<\/td>\n Anthroposophy\u00a0 (Steiner)<\/td>\n Transpersonal Psychology (Wilber)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nprotoplasmic universal consciousness<\/td>\n Polarian<\/strong><\/td>\nPleromatic<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\ndream-like alimentary somatic consciousness<\/td>\n Hyperborean<\/strong><\/td>\nUroboric<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\ndream-like magical self non-self distinction<\/td>\n Lemurian<\/strong><\/td>\nBody-ego (early) (late)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nclairvoyant magical mantric<\/td>\n Atlantean<\/strong><\/td>\nVerbal-Membership<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nrational verbal<\/td>\n Post-Atlantean<\/strong><\/td>\nMental-egoic<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\nYet Steiner claims that he is describing objective cycles of past existence and evolution of the Earth, perceived clairvoyantly, whereas Ken Wilber is citing psycho-analysts who claim to be describing the psychological development of the human individual.\u00a0 What gives?\u00a0 Was Steiner simply deluding himself, in that his so-called “clairvoyance” was nothing but a regression to his own early subconscious, confusing projected into an external world?\u00a0 That is certainly what the sceptical person would think, but I do not think it is that easy.<\/p>\n\n
Let us go back to the psycho-analytic model and examine again in a more critical light.\u00a0 On the surface, what is being described in Ken Wilber’s various stages is the development of consciousmess and the psyche in the infant and child.\u00a0 Ever since Freud, it has been a common premise of psychologists that infants live in a sort of mystical dream-like haze, unable to think, or distinguish self from not-self.\u00a0 Yet this whole theory is only based on assumption; because infants cannot yet talk, we don’t know what they experience.\u00a0 But there is no reason why their thought-processes cannot be quite coherent.\u00a0 Indeed, young infants are often very intelligent at getting what they want.\u00a0 Similarily with animals; ever since the Greeks and Medieval Christians there has been the assumption is that because animals cannot talk they are automatically determined by instincts and physiological reactions.\u00a0 Anyone who has ever observed closley a pet dog or cat knows the fallacy of this theory.<\/p>\n\n
Then there is the theory (espoused even by Jung) that “primitive people” lack rational thought, but instead have a sort of “magical thinking”, or that (according to Julian Jaynes, who Ken Wilber cited in his book\u00a0Up From Eden<\/em>) the people of past civilisations – e.g. the Egyptians and the Homeric Greeks – lived in a sort of hallucinatory world because the two halves of their brains weren’t connected.<\/p>\n\nAll this is just nonsense.\u00a0 The idea that tribal people can’t think straight, or only possess a “child-like” way of thinking (Wilber’s “Membership Self”) is the reflection of the colonialist arrogance of past decades (combined with the assumption that the materialistic attitude of the West is correct and the shamanistic intuition of tribal peoples automatically wrong), as any discussion with any surviving tribal person reveals.\u00a0 As for ancient civilisations, the\u00a0Egyptians\u00a0for example built a mighty civilisation and wrote philosophy in which they pondered existential questions of life and death, hardly possible for someone living a dream-like existence with no sense of self.<\/p>\n\n
So what then are we to make of this elaborate series of stages?\u00a0 Is it just the nonsense of an arrogant age, that became enshrined as psycho-analytical dogma?<\/p>\n\n
Actually, I don’t think so.\u00a0 I think that what the psycho-analysts really tapped into was the same thing as what Steiner tapped into, except that the psycho-analysts described it in terms of infantile psychological development and neurosis, whereas Steiner described it in terms of the doctrines of the the\u00a0Theosophical Society, which he was at the time still trying to find favour with.\u00a0 Yet to find the real nature of what both camps are referring to, whether through subconscious intuition (psycho-analysis) or conscious clairvoyance (Steiner) it is necessary to go beyond the prejudices of both.<\/p>\n\n <\/figure>\n\nThe Occult Explanation<\/h4>\n\n But the psycho-analysts speak of\u00a0psychological<\/em>\u00a0stages of development, which are the same as Steiner’s physical stages.\u00a0 So maybe his worlds do represent prior worlds, but prior worlds that are not physical in the sense our world is; that have a psychic or a somewhat psychological nature.<\/p>\n\nThe present physical world can thus be seen as having emanated from these previous worlds, which in a sense continue to exist parallel to our own.<\/p>\n\n
In other words, these previous worlds – Atlantean, Lemurian, etc – constitute stages equivalent to what could perhaps be considered Jung’s Collective Unconscious – the ocean or depth from which our consciousness emerges – except that this is not merely a collective, but an actual universal reality.\u00a0 And it would be wrong to call it “unconscious” at all; it is only “unconscuious” relative to our present physical consciousness.<\/p>\n\n
So we have the higher etheric reality at one end, and the gross physical reality at the other.\u00a0 Between the two are the intermediate stages Steiner defines as “warmth”, “gaseous” and “liquid”, equivalent of course to the elements fire air and water of the Greeks and medieval Alchemists.\u00a0 Although Steiner identifies the fourth element, “earth”, and “Life Ether”, with the gross or dense physical reality, I would see it a s adistinct plane, although one very closely connected to the gross physical, being immediately adjacent to it.<\/p>\n\n
Since Jung’s term “Collective Unconscious” hs already been so misused, and is in any case rather inapproppriate to describe these realities, despite certain points of connection, I would rather cast around for an alternative term.\u00a0 I would suggest calling the four stages between the Physical and the Etheric the Paraphysical.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\nplane of existence<\/strong><\/td>\nsubstance<\/strong><\/td>\nMetamorphosis<\/strong>(Steiner)<\/strong><\/td>\nEra\u00a0<\/strong>(Steiner)<\/strong><\/td>\nPsychogenic stage<\/strong>(Wilber)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nNoetic<\/strong>Noeric<\/strong>Psychic<\/strong><\/td>\nBeyond time, space, and form<\/strong><\/td>\npralaya<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\nUltimate<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nEtheric Plane\u00a0– Pure formative forces<\/strong>Four\u00a0 Para-Physical Planes;\u00a0 The four\u00a0 Elements or\u00a0 Tanmatras<\/td>\n“Warmth” Ether – “Fire”\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\nOld Saturn<\/strong><\/td>\nPolarian<\/strong><\/td>\nPleromatic\u00a0psyche<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n“Light” Ether\u00a0 – “Air”\u00a0 (“Gaseous”)<\/strong><\/td>\nOld Sun<\/strong><\/td>\nHyperborean<\/strong><\/td>\nUroboric\u00a0psyche<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n“Chemical” Ether “Water” (“Liquid”)<\/strong><\/td>\nOld Moon<\/strong><\/td>\nLemurian<\/strong><\/td>\nTyphonic psyche<\/strong>(early) (late)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n“Life” (=Form)\u00a0 Ether\u00a0 “Earth” (“Solid”)<\/strong><\/td>\nEarth<\/strong><\/td>\nAtlantean<\/strong><\/td>\nMembership\u00a0psyche<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nDense Physical\u00a0– time,\u00a0 space, and laws of physics\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\nPhysical World<\/strong><\/td>\nPost-Atlantean<\/strong><\/td>\nMental-egoic\u00a0psyche<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\nSeen from this perspective, what both Steiner and Wilber are describing is\u00a0the involution of consciousness.\u00a0 Only each is using a different mythological framework – Steiner the Theosophical paradiogm and Wilber the psycho-developmental one.\u00a0 Both paradigms have elements of the truth, but neither conveys the complete picture.<\/p>\n\n <\/figure>\n\n\n